哈维

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哈维(1578～1657年)

Harvey, William

英国物理学家。他在剑桥大学受教育，後来转到帕多瓦大学--当时被视为欧洲最佳的医学院校。在获得医师执照後，他被派到圣巴多罗买医院（1609）。约1618年他成为詹姆斯一世的医师，後来继续当英王查理一世的医师，并成为国王的好友。哈维的对血液循环的阐述推翻了加伦的工作，也超越了维萨里和法布里齐乌斯。为了达成结论，哈维依照自己的观察和推理、无数的动物解剖检验和临床观察。他的《动物心脏与血液运动方面的解剖练习》（1628）记录了他的发现。本书厘清了心瓣膜的功能，证明血液不流经心脏的隔膜，解释了静脉瓣膜和肺循环的作用，显示血液从动脉被泵到心室，然後进入其他循环系统，并证实了脉搏是心脏压缩的反映。

English version：

1578～1657年

Harvey, William

English physician. He studied at Cambridge University and later at the University of Padua, then considered the best medical school in Europe. After receiving a medical diploma, he was appointed to St. Bartholemew's Hospital (1609). He became one of James I's physicians c. 1618, and continued as a king's physician for Charles I, whose personal friend he became. Harvey's elucidation of blood circulation overturned the work of Galen and advanced that of Andreas Vesalius and Hieronymus Fabricius. To reach his conclusions, Harvey depended on his own observations and reasoning, numerous animal dissections, autopsies, and clinical observations. His Anatomical Exercise Concerning the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals (1628) recorded his findings. It clarified the function of heart valves, proved that blood did not pass through the septum in the heart, explained the purpose of valves in the veins and of the pulmonary circulation, showed that blood is pumped from the atria into the ventricles and then into the rest of the circulatory system, and proved that the pulse reflected heart contractions.