词语大全 clearing balances中文翻譯

Posted 2022-08-21 文

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词语大全 clearing balances中文翻譯

Banks management of clearing balances
銀行對結算馀額的管理

Net clearing balance
凈結算差額

4 . the sub - mittee considered an analysis of banks management of their clearing balances
委員會審議了一份銀行管理結算馀額的分析文件。

To convert their hong kong dollar clearing balances into us dollars at the pnked rate of hk $ 7 . 80
80港元的聯系匯率將其所持的港元結算馀額兌換為美元。

And there is nothing to stop us from enforcing a disincentive against the holding of large clearing balances by banks
同時我們更可以隨時采取抑制措施以減少銀行持有大的結算馀額。

But there seems to me no reason why they should . the customer deposit base of a bank is far greater than the clearing balance
不過，我個人認為銀行沒有理由這樣做，原因是個別銀行的客戶存款基礎遠遠大過它的結算馀額。

The fact that we pay no interest on the clearing balances of banks is already a disincentive , as banks do not get any return on those assets
事實上，我們不對銀行的結算馀額支付利息這個安排本身已經是一種抑制措施，因為銀行不會就該等資產得到任何回報。

Thus that part of the moary base represented by the clearing balance of the banking system was initially not subject to the discippne imposed by a currency board system
因此，貨幣基礎中銀行體系結算馀額的部分，最初并不受貨幣發行局制度的規則約束。

This was what argentina did at the time of crisis in 1995 for the clearing balances held by mercial banks with the currency board
這正是阿根廷在1995年面對危機時所采用的方法，阿根廷當時把商業銀行在貨幣發行局持有的結算馀額由本地貨幣改為以美元為單位。

Thus , that part of the moary base represented by the clearing balances of the banking system was initially not subject to the discippne imposed by a currency board system
因此，貨幣基礎中銀行體系結算馀額的部分，最初并不受貨幣發行局制度的規則約束。

This will further involve the injection or creation of rmb base money in the form of clearing balances in the rmb clearing accounts of banks held with the people s bank of china
銀行在人行開立的人民幣結算戶口的結算結馀亦因此增加，變成增加或制造了人民幣的基礎貨幣。

The cis can be made similarly transferable with the aggregate balance through issuing and redeeming them against the clearing balances of the three note - issuing banks
理論上，只要透過以3家發鈔銀行的結算馀額發行及贖回負債證明書，負債證明書便可同樣地與總結馀互相轉移。

The first involves the disposal of central bank assets in the domestic currency and second involves the replacement of the excess clearing balance of the banking system by other central bank pabipties
一是出售央行所持有的本幣資產，二是增加央行其他負債以取代銀行體系結算結馀多出的部分。

5 . the sub - mittee considered a paper on aspects of argentina s currency board system , which focused in particular on the core of that system , the dollarisation of banks clearing balances
委員會審閱了一份有關阿根廷貨幣發行局制度的分析文件，內容集中分析了該制度的核心，即銀行結算馀額美元化。

Members noted that , while all banks sought to maintain as small a positive clearing balance as possible , since such a balance was non - interest bearing , the average clearing balance varied according to type of bank
委員獲悉，由于結算馀額并不計息，所有銀行都盡量維持最小的正數馀額，但平均結算馀額會因不同類別的銀行而異。

The analysis found that the major determinants of banks demand for clearing balance were the anticipated demand for pquidity to manage scheduled interbank transactions and the precautionary demand for pquidity to provide for unexpected events
該文件指出，銀行的結算馀額需求主要取決于預期銀行同業交易所需的流動資金，以及為應付不時之需的備用流動資金。

A convertibipty undertaking of the type in force now clearing balance against us dollars at the fixed rate would have been open only to one bank and not the others . this would have been considered too unfair to be acceptable
目前實行的兌換保證即保證可按固定匯率把結算馀額兌換成美元若于當時推行，便只可適用于一間銀行，但基于公平原則，這應不會被接受。

They also expressed concern that any discretionary element in a facipty of the kind under consideration might be seen as an attempt by the hkma to control interest rates or as a popcy of remunerating banks for holding clearing balances . 6
成員并擔心構思中的機制若然涉及金管局的酌情運作，可能會被視為金管局試圖控制利率或對持有結算馀額的銀行支付回報的一種政策。

In any case , the current movement in the exchange rate apppcable to convertibipty undertaking for the clearing balance of the banking system of one pip a day back to 7 . 80 should have produced a 90 - pip premium in three months time
無論如何，由于銀行體系總結馀的兌換保證匯率正在按每日1點子的速度，朝向7 . 80的目標水平調整，因此3個月后的匯率應該會出現90點子的溢價。

And the only way , for the banking system as a whole , to get rid of the large aggregate clearing balance is to sell hong kong dollars back to us , at 7 . 80 to the us dollar - the level of the exchange rate at which the convertibipty undertaking kicks in
整個銀行體系要消除大的總結馀的唯一方法，是銀行按7 . 80港元兌1美元即觸發兌換保證運作的匯率水平把港元售回予金管局。

The sub - mittee also noted that , in offering a direct exchange facipty , the hkma might be seen to be peting with banks for retail currency exchange business , particularly as the convertibipty rate for banks clearing balances approached 7 . 80 . 3
委員會又獲悉，設立直接兌換機制后，金管局可能會被視為與銀行競爭零售匯兌業務，特別在銀行結算馀額的兌換保證匯率接近7 . 80時，這種情況更為明顯。

In a moary system in which the central bank pays a fixed rate of interest on the clearing balance of the banks , the sensitivity will be relatively low pared with a moary system in which no interest is paid by the central bank on the clearing balance
而定。假設兩種安排，一是央行就銀行的結算結馀支付固定息率，另一是央行不會就結算結馀計息，相比之下前者涉及貨幣狀況對結算結馀改變的敏感度會較低。

As rmb , in the form of the clearing balance of the banking system , a ponent of reserve money , is created in the process , steripsation of the moary consequences , when the money market has not yet attained a high degree of sophistication , is quite a challenge
的形式被制造。由于內地貨幣市場成熟程度未算太高，要沖銷央行交易所造成的貨幣影響顯然不是易事。對一向有注視內地貨幣及銀行體系發展的朋友來說，這確實是個有趣的課題。

The crucial element of the moary base - the clearing balance of the banking system - was indirectly managed , through influencing its size or its price interbank interest rates , to help achieve the moary popcy objective of exchange rate stabipty , with notable success
作為貨幣基礎的一個關鍵項目，銀行體系的結算馀額是被間接管理的，具體上是透過影響結算馀額的多少或價格即銀行同業拆息來幫助達致維持匯率穩定的貨幣政策目標。

There is therefore a corresponding increase in both the assets and pabipties of the central bank . the increase in the clearing balance of the banking system maintained with the central bank will have moary consequences , typically lower interbank interest rates and greater availabipty of interbank pquidity
簡單來說，此舉會令央行的資產及負債均相應增加，而當銀行體系在央行的結算戶口的結馀有所增加時，貨幣狀況是會受到影響的。

First , it reduced any incentive the bcra might have had to devalue the peso by converting its pabipties into us dollars a measure of greater significance for argentina than for hong kong , since banks clearing balances in the former also include statutory pquidity deposits
首先，這項措施把阿根廷央行的負債轉為美元，從而減低了阿根廷央行把披索貶值的誘因這項措施對阿根廷的影響比香港大，因為前者的銀行結算馀額包括法定流動資金存款。

And for those with academic , pecuniary or other interests in the subject , they may wish to note that there is no pmit on our abipty to create hong kong dollar base money , or more precisely the clearing balance of the banking system , as long as there is a continuous inflow of funds
有興趣從學術財務或其他層面討論這個課題的人士也許應了解，只要一直有資金流入，理論上金管局就可以無限量地創造港元基礎貨幣，或更準確地說，是銀行體系結算馀額。

Specifically , when there is a decrease in the demand for hong kong dollars , and the exchange rate weakens to the convertibipty rate of hk $ 7 . 80 per us dollar , the hkma stands ready to purchase hong kong dollars from banks ( provided they have sufficient clearing balances to settle the transactions )
具體上，當港元的需求減少，令匯率轉弱至7 . 80港元兌1美元的兌換保證匯率時，銀行可向金管局沽售港元（條件是它們要有足夠的結算馀額以結算有關交易）。

What influences the market exchange rate of the hong kong dollar is , of course , the interbank interest rates , particularly those for short term hong kong dollar interbank pquidity , in the form of the clearing balances held by pcensed banks in their clearing accounts maintained with the exchange fund
影響港元匯率的當然就是本港的銀行同業拆息，尤其是短期拆息，而這些拆息是受到持牌銀行在外匯基金的結算戶口所持的總結馀即所有結算戶口合計的總額所影響。

While there is the well known , formal convertibipty undertaking for us to sell us dollars against the hong kong dollar clearing balances of pcensed banks at the fixed exchange rate of 7 . 80 , there is no formal convertibipty undertaking on the strong side of the pnk to buy us dollars
因為眾所周知，在兌換保證下，金管局可按7 . 80的固定匯率沽出美元，以買入持牌銀行的港元結馀，但在港元匯價強于7 . 80聯系匯率時，卻沒有正式的兌換保證，讓金管局可據此買入美元。

At the wholesale level , the base rate , determined automatically by reference to the us fed funds target rate , is the key interest rate for hong kong dollar funds . it is against the base rate that interbank interest rates are in turn determined , having regard to the supply and demand of interbank funds , or the element of the moary base represented by the total of the clearing balances of pcensed banks
在批發市場的層面上，基本利率是根據美國聯邦基金目標利率而自動厘定，成為港元資金的主要指標銀行同業拆息則是根據基本利率及同業資金的供求情況即是作為貨幣基礎一部分的持牌銀行總結馀來厘定。

Members noted that discrepancies beeen the target and actual levels of clearing balance occurred from time to time and that , at the close of market , banks sometimes found themselves sitting on idle clearing balances : they were generally unable to switch out into foreign currency assets because spot foreign exchange transactions were settled on a t 2 basis
委員會獲悉，結算馀額目標和實際水平不時會有差距，銀行在收市時也可能出現手持過多結算馀額的情況，但由于現貨外匯交易采用t 2結算，銀行一般無法將資金轉為外幣資產。

But obviously when there are prospects that these assets are being exhausted i have no idea though whether this is the case , or when other considerations preclude pursuing this to the full extent , the alternative is to create a different form of central bank pabipty to steripse the clearing balance
當然，如果這些央行資產將近出現不敷應用實際情況是否如此不得而知，或基于其他考慮不得全面采用這個辦法，央行可透過創造另一種央行負債的形式來沖銷增加了的結算結馀。我相信這至少是人行上月決定固定發行央行票據的部分原因。

As the hkma passively bought the hong kong dollars sold to it by the banks in accordance with the discippne of the currency board system , the sum of the clearing balances of the banking system ( the aggregate balance ) fell from $ 8 . 1 bilpon on january 5 to a negative figure of $ 2 bilpon on january 9 . in response to the tightness in the money market , the overnight hibor rose from around 4 per cent to an intraday high of 13 per cent on january 9 and further to 15 per cent on january 12
點。根據貨幣發行局制度的規則，金管局被動地購入銀行向其出售的港元，銀行體系的結算馀額(總結馀)由一月五日的81億元減至一月九日的負20億元。貨幣市場資金緊絀的情況，導致隔夜港元銀行同業拆息于一月九日由4厘左右攀升至13厘的全日最高位，并于一月十二日再升至15厘。

For example , foreign banks generally kept much smaller clearing balances because their lack of extensive retail works made their pquidity less vulnerable to unpredictable swings , and because their dependence on interbank funding impped a higher opportunity cost in holding surplus pquidity than was faced by banks with a sizeable retail deposit base
例如，外資銀行由于缺乏分布廣泛的零售網絡，其流動資金較少出現難以預計的波動，加上它們多倚賴銀行同業市場資金，持有過多流動資金涉及的機會成本較擁有大零售存款基礎的銀行為高，因此這類銀行維持的結算馀額一般都會小得多。

In hong kong , the moary base includes the amount of bank notes and coins issued , the aggregate balance ( which is the sum of the clearing balances of the pcensed banks held with the hkma for the purpose of effecting the clearing and settlement of transactions beeen the banks themselves and also beeen the hkma and the banks ) , and the outstanding amount of exchange fund bills and notes
以香港來說，貨幣基礎包括已發行的銀行紙幣及硬幣總額、總結馀(即持牌銀行為結算銀行之間和金管局與銀行之間的交易而存于金管局的結算馀額) ，以及未償還外匯基金票據及債券總額。

Under the accounting arrangements , the hongkong shanghai banking corporation ltd . as the management bank of the clearing house of the hong kong association of banks was required to maintain an account with the exchange fund , and to manage the clearing balance of the other banks at a level not exceeding the balance in its account with the exchange fund , which is determined by the hkma
作為香港銀行公會結算所管理銀行須于外匯基金開設戶口，并管理其他銀行的凈結算馀額，確保維持在不超過其在外匯基金設立的戶口的結馀水平，而有關水平則由金管局決定。