环境专业噪声污染英文(2021年高考英语全国甲卷和乙卷单词、短语，超全整理)

Posted 2023-06-02

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环境专业噪声污染英文(2021年高考英语全国甲卷和乙卷单词、短语，超全整理)

2021年全国乙卷单词短语

阅读部分

The Biggest Stadiums in The World

世界上最大的体育场

1. pour into 川流不息地涌入

People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.

从古希腊时代起，人们大量涌入体育场。

2. continue to do sth 继续做某事

In around 80 A.D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.

约公元80年，罗马人建造了罗马竞技场，它至今仍是世界上最著名的体育场，并且是当代建筑设计的典范。

3. tend to do sth/sth 倾向于

These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and comfortable seat tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower.

如今，安全规定-更不用说现代体育迷对良好视野和舒适座位的渴望-常常使体育场的容量略微减少。

4. as well as 也，和……一样

For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Altas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.

我们使用《世界地图册》迄今为止提供的数据来查询世界上最大的体育场。以下是根据体育场的常设容量排名，以及来自官方体育网站的最新消息。

5. hold 容纳

How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?

大竞技场能容纳多少人？

6. have in common 与……有相同之处

What do the listed stadiums have in common?

所列的体育场有什么相同之处？

7. more than 多于……；不止

When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline?

何时起几乎每个人都有一部移动电话了，为什么超过半数的美国家庭依然愿意为座机买单？

8. plenty of 大量的

In fact, plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket.

事实上，许多的美国小孩口袋里都有手机。

9. rely on 依赖

according to 根据

Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter(29%) rely only on their smartphones according to a survey.

另，据调查，55%的澳洲人家中都有一部座机，仅仅只有超过四分之一（29%）的人仅仅依赖于他们的手机。

10. concede 承认= admit

in case of 万一，如果发生

Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket-19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.

在哪些有固定电话的澳大利亚人当中，三人之一的人承认他们真没有必要安装固定电话，他们只把固定电话当作安全保障的心理安慰-19%的人说，他们从来不用它，而另外13%的人留着它以备不时之需。

11. to do with 与……有关

Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.

年龄不是唯一的因素，我想说的是，它也与你的家庭成员的构成有关。

12. find it convenient to 发现其是方便的

provid sth for sb/provide sb with sth 提供

Generations Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobil phone for every family member.

像我和妻子这样的X一代的年轻家庭，仍感到有一部家庭电话很方便，而不是为每个家庭配一部手机。

13. to be honest 说实话

pick up 拿起;捡起；接电话；接人；学习（语言）

That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).

也就是说，说实话，唯一给我们家打座机的人是我们婴儿潮一代的父母们，以至于我们在拿起电话前会做个游戏，猜猜谁在打电话（使用来电显示会让它索然无味）。

14. attach 使依恋

How attached are you to your landline?

你对你们家的座机有多依恋？

15. at the beginning of 在……的开始

a pair of 一对；一双

At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash.

在年初，这位艺术家制作了一幅名为“Strawpocalypse”的作品，这是一对10英尺高的塑料波浪，在撞击过程中凝固了。

16. by no means 决不

Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution.

塑料吸管绝不是塑料污染的罪魁祸首。

17. be divided into…被分成

They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels, 70 decibels and 85 decibels.

他们被随机分成四组，暴露在完全无声、50分贝、70分贝和85分贝不同背景的噪声中。

18. suggest 显示、暗示

But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise-not too loud and not total silence- may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability.

但由于70分贝组的结果较为显著，这项研究还表明，适当的背景噪声程度-不要太大，也不能完全无声音-这或许会提升一个人的创造性思维能力。

19. stop……from doing 阻止某人做某事

get drawn into 纠缠于，卷入

The problem may be that, in our office, we can’t stop ourselves from drowning into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.

问题可能是，在办公室里，当我们试图集中精力时，却无法阻止自己被别人的谈话所吸引。

20. indeed 真正地，事实上

creative process 创造过程

provide freedom 提供自由

Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face level of interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a cowering space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.

事实上，研究人员发现面对面的互动和对话会影响创造过程。然而，一个共同的工作空间或咖啡店提供了一定程度的背景噪音，同时自由也不受干扰。

21. adventurous 爱冒险的，大胆的

So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.

22. be able to 能够

“What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to.

23. laugh at 嘲笑，失笑于

“I rode bus with the crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”

24. open up 开放，展开

It just opens up conversation.

25. help…with 帮助某人做某事

remove…from 从……移除

If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.

26. be faced with 面对

awkward 尴尬的，笨拙的

If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.

27. turn around 转身

Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”

语言知识运用部分

28. a range of 一系列，一套

And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude.

29. be ready for 为……作准备

But she recovered, though slowly, and was ready for discharge after four weeks.

30. be eager to 盼望，渴望要做……

the nursing team 保育室

As she was leaving she was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.

31. take into account 考虑

My thoughts were soon take into account.

使用适当形式填空

32. be regarded as 被认为……

Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed places.

33. be different from 与……不同

in terms of 依据，按照

It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the travel to become educated about the areas-both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.

34. range from 从……到……

have a low impact on 对……有较低的影响力

Activities there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodation aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.

35. tide up 收拾，整理

I also water the flowers in the yard and tiding up my own bedroom whatever necessary.

36. benefit a lot from 从...中受益匪浅

In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework.

37. what’s more. 而且，更重要的是

What’s more, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.

38.outperform 胜过...；做得比...好

The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.

2021年全国甲卷单词短语一览

阅读部分

1. showcase v .展现，表现

Each year, the high standard of entires has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.

2. desirable adj. 令人向往的

Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.

3. extremely cold 酷寒

freezing fog 雾凇

It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and freezing fog hung in the air.

4. foreground n. 前景

The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.

5. mountainous scene 多山的景色

They show mountainous scenes.

6. run a breeding programme 繁育中心

rhino calf 犀牛幼崽

Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf.

7. tiny creature 小动物

at the reserve 在自然保护区

When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.

8. captivity n. 圈养

And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity.

9. a fantastic job 极出色的工作

Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job.

10.have no doubt that 毫无疑问是

I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.

11. adorable female calf 可爱的雌性幼崽

The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.

12. World Wildlife Fund 世界野生动物协会

critically endangered 极度濒危

According to the World Wildlife fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.

13. controversial adj. 有争议的

ambitious adj. 有雄心的；野心勃勃的

14. new-born rhino 新生的犀牛

What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?

15. in good condition 状况良好

She is in good condition.

16. first born 头生的（犀牛）

They had their first born in January.

17. can be inferred 能被推断

What can be inferred about Porn Lympne Reserve?

18. pack up 卷铺盖，整理，打包

When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.

19. at a loss 感到迷茫

out of place 不相称的

I felt at a loss and out of place.

20. well-done 做得好

21. trick n.技巧

C. To learn more tricks.

22. rejected by 被……拒绝

When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.

23. wired world 有线世界（互联网世界）

constant global communication 全球的持续沟通

In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.

24. conservative adj. 保守的，守旧的

They’re conservative.

25. discrimination n. 歧视

Less discrimination against women.

26. swap v.交换

Swap, Don’t stop!

27. end with 以……结束

But it doesn’t end with bottles, cans, and paper.

28. natural resources 自然资源

lodes of 许多，大量

Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources to make, and buying lodes of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment.

29. get rid of 摆脱，除去

It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.

30. reusable bags 可重复使用的包

They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.

语言知识运用部分

31. an entire flock of seagulls 一整群海鸥

32. fall down 跌倒

The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down.

33. chalk up 归咎于

Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion.

34. driveway n.车道 take off 起飞，脱下，离开

mature adj.成熟的

35. shaky adj.摇晃的，不可靠的

My bike was old and shaky.

36. fill in a questionnaire 填写问卷

Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire.

37.in my opinion 依我看来