使用太阳能捕虫灯可大幅度减少杀虫剂用量：以冬小麦夏玉米轮作系统为例

郭立月1,2，雷米诺夫1,2，吴光磊1，梁啸天1，李彩虹1，孟杰1，李立君1，2，程达1，2，宋彦杰1，2，谷仙1,2，赵建设3，蒋高明1，2*

1中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室，北京

2中国科学院大学资源与环境学院，北京

3河南省郑州市苑林农业发展有限公司

*通讯作者。本文发表在《害虫管理科学》, 74: 1728-1735 (影响因子3.253)

背景：人们越来越重视用物理方法来控制害虫，如物理诱捕昆虫替代农药。为了研究杀虫剂如何与捕虫灯合理配合使用，如何大幅度减少杀虫剂使用量，在中国东部冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统中进行了5种处理：仅使用捕虫灯；仅使用农药；捕虫灯+1次杀虫剂；捕虫灯+2次杀虫剂；捕虫灯+3次杀虫剂。

结果：结果表明，当农药用量减少25～35%时，捕虫灯对害虫种群控制良好，产量不减反增。仅在冬小麦开花期和夏玉米大喇叭口期各施用1农药，配合捕虫灯即可获得上述效果。农药减量35-65%对作物产量无不良影响，但降低病虫害防治成本，产生最大的经济效益。在捕虫灯控制区，即使不使用任何农药，小麦玉米周年产量仍大于15 吨/公顷。

结论：如果在适当的阶段及时使用杀虫剂，借助捕虫灯，杀虫剂使用可能会大幅度减少。

关键词：经济效益；灭虫灯；害虫种类；农药；夏玉米；冬小麦

Large reductions in pesticides made possible by use of an insect-trapping lamp: a case study in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system.

Guo L1,2, Muminov MA1,2, Wu G1, Liang X1, Li C1, Meng J1, Li L1,2, Cheng D1,2, Song Y1,2, Gu X1,2, Zhao J3, Jiang G1,2.

1 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environment Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

2 College of Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

3 Henan Yuanlin Agriculture Development Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Pest Management Science, 74: 1728-1735 (IF=3.253)

BACKGROUND: Increasing attention is being paid to physical methods to control pests such as insect trapping. In order to examine how pesticides can reasonably be combined with the use of an insect-trapping lamp and by how much this can reduce the amount of pesticide used, five treatments were applied to a winter wheat-summer maize rotation system in eastern China: a treatment in which only pesticides were used; a treatment with only insect-trapping lamps; insect-trapping lamps plus one application of pesticides; insect-trapping lamps plus two applications of pesticides; insect-trapping lamps plus three applications of pesticides.

RESULTS: The results showed that, when pesticides were reduced by 25-35%, the insect-trapping lamps controlled the insect population well and yields were not decreased but were actually increased, with pesticides being applied only at 2 days before winter wheat planting, at winter wheat flowering and at the big flare stage of summer maize. Reducing pesticides by 35-65% had no adverse effect on crop yields, and thus had the potential to reduce the costs of pest control and produce the greatest economic benefit. When no pesticides were used in the insect-trapping lamp control area, the annual yield was still >15 t hm-2 .

CONCLUSION: If pesticides are used in a timely fashion and at the appropriate stage, their use may be greatly reduced with the help of an insect-trapping lamp.

KEYWORDS: economic benefit; insect-trapping lamp; pest species; pesticide; summer maize; winter wheat