换热器的选择要求有哪些(换热器类技术要求)

Posted 2023-05-27

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换热器的选择要求有哪些(换热器类技术要求)

换热器类技术要求

一般要求

1. 换热管的标准为____，其外径偏差为____，其壁厚偏差为____mm。

THE STANDARD OFTUBE SHALL BE____.THE ALLOWANCE OF OUTSIDE DIAMETER SHALL BE____,THE ALLOWANCEOF TUBE THICKNESS SHALL BE____mm.

2. 管板密封面与壳体轴线垂直，其允差为1mm。

SEALING SURFACEOF TUBE SHEET SHALL BE SET VERTICAL TO THE AXIS. THE ALLOWANCE SHALL BE ____mm.

特殊要求

1. 管箱(浮头盖)组焊完毕后须进行消除应力热处理，密封面应在热处理后精加工。

AFTER ASSEMBLYWELDING OF CHANNEL, IT SHALL BE HEAT TREATED TO GET STRESS RELIEVED. THESEALING SURFACE OF FLANGE WILL BE FINISHED AFTER HEAT TREATMENT.

2. 在管子和管板胀接(或焊接)前膨胀节预压缩(或预拉伸)____mm。

THE EXPANSIONJOINT SHALL BE PRECOMPRESSED(PRESTRETCHED) BY ____mm BEFORE CONNECT THE TUBES AND TUBE SHEETS BY EXPANDING(BY WELDING).

3. 冷弯U形管应进行消除应力热处理。

IT SHALL BE HEATTREATED TO GET STRESS RELIEVED FOR COLD BENDING U TUBES.

管板一般要求

1. 管板密封面应与轴线垂直，其垂直度公差为____mm。

SEALING SURFACEOF TUBE SHEET SHALL BE SET VERTICAL TO THE AXIS. THE TOLERANCE OFPERPENDICULARITY SHALL BE ____mm.

2. 管孔应严格垂直于管板密封面，其垂直度公差为____mm，孔表面不允许存在贯通的纵向条痕。

THE TUBESHEETHOLES SHALL BE SET VERTICAL TO THE SEALING SURFACE OF TUBE-SHEETS STRICTLY, THEALLOWANCE SHALL BE ____mm.

3. 管板钻孔后>96%允许孔桥宽度必须>____mm，允许最小孔桥宽度(<4%孔桥数) 为____mm。

AFTER BORING OFTUBE HOLES, AT LEAST 96% OF CLEANING LANES SHALL BE NO LESS THAN ____mm.THEMINIMUM CLEANING LANES SHALL BE __mm, WHICH WON'T BE MORE THAN 4% OF TUBENUMBER.

4. 螺栓孔中心圆直径和相邻两螺孔间弦长极限偏差为±0.6mm，任意两螺孔弦长极限偏差为±1.0mm。

FOR THE DIAMETEROF THE CENTER CIRCLE OF BOLT HOLES AND THE LENGTH OF CHORD BETWEEN TWO ADJACENTBOLTS,THE ALLOWANCE SHALL BE ±0.6mm, THE ALLOWANCE FOR THE CHORD LENGTH BETWEEN TWO ARBITRARY BOLTHOLES ON CENTER CIRCLE IS±1.0mm

5. 隔板槽密封面应与环形密封面平齐。

5.Sealing faceof pass partition groove should be flush to the ringsealing face 。

堆焊管板

1. 整个堆焊层表面应平整，平面度公差为1mm。堆焊层厚度应均匀，最厚与最薄之差<1mm.，堆焊的过渡层和表层(包括密封表层)最小厚度3mm。

THE WHOLESURFACE OF OVERLAYER SHALL BE LEVEL OFF. THE PLANENESS ALLOWANCE SHALL BE 1mm. THE THICKNESS OF SURFACING LAYER SHALLBE UNIFORM. THE DIFFERENCE OF THICKEST AND THE THINNEST SHALL BE NO MORE THAN 1mm. THE THINNEST OF TRANSITION LAYER ANDSURFACE LAYER (INCLUDING SEALED SURFACE LAYER) SHALL BE 3mm.

2. 基层材料的堆焊表面和加工后(钻孔前)的堆焊层表面应分别进行渗透检测，按NB/T47013.5-2015- PT-I级为合格。

THE SURFACE OFTUBE SHEET TO BE OVERLAID AND THE SURFACE OF MACHINED OVER-LAYER SHALL HAVEPENETRATED TEST SEPARATELY BEFORE BORING. IT SHALL CONFORM TO CLASS PT-I ASSPECIFIED IN NB/T47013.5-2015.

锻制管板

1. 锻件应按NB/747008~47010-2017《压力容器用钢锻件》____级进行制造、检验和验收。

FABRICATION,CHECK AND EXAMINATION OF FORGINGS SHALL CONFORM TO CLASS __AS SPECIFIED IN NB/747008~47010-2017"FORGED STEELS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS".

拼接管板

1. 对接接头必须全焊透，进行100%射线(RT)或超声(UT)检测，按NB/T47013-2015 RT-II或UT-I级为合格。

THE BUTT JOINTMUST BE FULL PENETRATED AND BE TESTED BY 100% RT OR UT. IT SHALL CONFORM TOCLASS RT-II OR UT-I AS SPECIFIED IN NB/T47013-2015.

2. 拼接管板需按相应要求进行焊后消除应力热处理。

THE TUBE SHEETSHALL BE HEAT TREATED TO GET STRESS RELIEVED ACCORDING TO RELATIVE CODES.

3. 管板采用钢板制作时，厚度大于50mm的Q245R和Q345R钢板，厚度大于16mm的15MnVR钢板须要求正火状态供货，使用。

THE TUBESHEET MUST BE NORMALIZED STEEL.

折流板，支持板

1. 折流板应平整，平面度公差3mm。

THE BAFFLEPLATES SHALL BE SMOOTH, FLATNESS ALLOWANCE SHALL BE____mm.

2. 相邻两孔中心距离极限偏差为±0.3mm，允许有4%相邻两孔中心距极限偏差为±0.5mm，任意两管孔中心距极限偏差为±1mm。

ALLOWANCE FORCENTER-TO-CENTER DISTANCE BETWEEN 2 ADJACENT HOLES SHALL BE ±0.3mm, WHILE 4% OF THEADJACENT HOLES ARE ALLOWED TO HAVE ±0.5mm ALLOWANCE. ALLOWANCE FOR CENTER-TO-CENTER DISTANCE BETWEEN 2ARBITRARY TUBE HOLES SHALL BE ±1mm.

3. 钻孔后应除去管孔周边的毛刺。

ANY BURRS SHALLBE REMOVED.

塔器技术要求

一. 板式塔装配图

1. 一般要求

a. 塔体直线度公差为____mm；塔体安装垂直度公差为____mm。

THE STRAIGHTNESSALLOWANCE OF TOWER SHALL BE ____mm. THE INSTALLATION VERTICAL ALLOWANCE OFTOWER SHALL BE ____mm.

b. 裙座(支座)螺栓孔中心圆直径以及相邻两孔和任意两孔间弦长极限偏差为2mm。

FOR THESKIRT(SUPPORT) DIAMETER OF THE CENTER CIRCLE OF BOLT HOLES AND THE LENGTH OFCHORD BETWEEN TWO ADJACENT BOLTS,THE ALLOWANCE SHALL BE 2mm. AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR THE CHORD LENGTHBETWEEN TWO ARBITRARY BOLT HOLES ON CENTER CIRCLE IS THE SAME.

c. 塔盘的制造、安装按JB/T1205-2001《塔盘技术条件》进行。

FABRICATION ANDINSTALLATION OF TRAY SHALL CONFORM TO JB/T1205-2001 "SPECIFICATION OF TOWERTRAY".

2. 特殊要求

a.DN<800mm的塔器,塔盘制造或装配成整体后再装入塔内的塔体要求: 塔体在同一横断面上的最大直径与最小直径之差<1%Di，且不大于25mm。塔体内表面焊缝应修磨齐平，接管与塔体焊后应与塔体内表面齐平。塔节两端法兰与塔体焊接后一起加工，其法兰密封面与筒体轴线垂直度公差为1mm。

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MAXIMUM DIAMETER AND THE MINIMUM DIAMETEROF THE SAME TRANSECT SHALL BE<1%Di AND <25mm. THE INNER WELD SHOULD BE POLISHED TO MAKE ITFLUSH WITH MOTHER MATERIAL. END SURFACE OF THE WELD JOINT BETWEEN NOZZLE ANDTOWER SHELL SHALL BE IN THE SAME PLANE.MACHINE THE TWO END FLANGES TOGETHER AFTER THEY ARE WELDED TO TOWER BODY.FLANGE SEALING SURFACE SHALL BE SET VERTICAL TO THE AXIS OF TOWER. THE ALLOWANCESHALL BE 1mm.

b.筒体与裙座连接的焊接接头需进行磁粉(MT)或渗透(PT)检测，符合NB/T47013.4/.5-2015 -MT-I级或PT-I级为合格。

THE WELD JOINT OF SHELL AND SKIRT MUST HAVE MAGNAFLUX TEST(MT) ORPENETRATED TEST(PT). IT SHALL CONFORM TO CLASS MT-I OR PT-I AS SPECIFIED IN NB/T47013.4/.5-2015.

c.塔的裙座螺栓采用模板定位，一次浇灌基础。

THE BOLTSOF TOWER SKIRT ARE LOCATED BY TEMPLET. AND THE WHOLE FOUNDATION IS POURED ATTHE SAME TIME.

d. 塔体应按图中标注分段制造,现场组焊和热处理。

THE TOWER MUSTBE FABRICATED BY SEVERAL SECTIONS, WELDED TOGETHER ON SITE AND HEAT TERATEDACCORDING TO THE NOTES IN DRAWINGS.

e. 当保温圈与塔体的附件相碰时应将保温圈移开或断开。

WHEN THEINSULATION RING MEET THE TOWER ACCESSORIES, MOVE OR CUT THE INSULATION RING.

二. 板式塔塔盘部件图

1.按JB/T1205-2001《塔盘技术条件》进行制造、安装和验收。

FABRICATION, INSTALLATION AND EXAMINATION SHALL CONFORM TO JB/T1205-2001"SPECIFICATION OF TOWER TRAY".

2.加工面和非加工面线性尺寸未注公差按GB/T1804-2000的m级和c级。

THE LINEARITY DIMENSION ALLOWANCE OF MACHINED SURFACE OR NONMACHINEDSURFACE SHOULD BE IN CONFORMITY WITH STIPULATION OF CLASS m OR CLASS c IN GB/T1804-2000.

三. 板式塔塔板零件图

塔板按JB/T1205-2001<塔盘技术条件>进行制造和验收。

FABRICATION AND EXAMINATION OF TRAY SHALL CONFORM TO JB/T1205-2001"SPECIFICATION OF TOWER TRAY".

四. 填料塔装配图

1.一般要求

a.塔体直线度公差为____mm；塔体安装垂直度公差为____mm。

THE STRAIGHTNESS ALLOWANCE OF TOWER SHALL BE ____mm; THE INSTALLATIONVERTICAL ALLOWANCE OF TOWER SHALL BE ____mm.

b.裙座(支座)螺栓孔中心圆直径以及相邻两孔和任意两孔间弦长极限偏差为2mm。

THE SKIRT(SUPPORT) DIAMETER OF THE CENTER CIRCLE OF BOLT HOLES ANDTHE LENGTH OF CHORD BETWEEN TWO ADJACENT BOLTS,THE ALLOWANCE SHALL BE 2mm. AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR THE CHORD LENGTHBETWEEN TWO ARBITRARY BOLT HOLES ON CENTER CIRCLE IS THE SAME.

c.支承栅板应平整，安装后的平面度公差2% Di，且不大于4mm。

THE GRATING SUPPORT SURFACE SHALL BE FLAT. THE ALLOWANCE OF FLATNESSAFTER INSTALLATION SHALL BE 2% Di AND<4mm.

d.喷淋装置的平面度公差为3mm，标高极限偏差3mm，其中心线同轴度公差为3mm。

FLATNESS ALLOWANCE OF SPRAY DEVICE SHALL BE 3mm. ELEVATION ALLOWANCE SHALL BE 3mm. AND COAXALITY ALLOWANCE SHALL BE 3mm.

2.特殊要求

对于规整填料塔，需增加：

a.塔体在同一断面上的最大直径与最小直径之差<1%Di，且不大于25mm。

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MAXIMUM DIAMETER AND THE MINIMUM DIAMETEROF THE SAME TRANSECT SHALL BE<1%Di AND <25mm.

b.接管(人孔,视镜等)与筒体焊接时，应与塔体内壁面平齐。

END SURFACE OF THE WELD JOINT BETWEEN NOZZLE (MANHOLE, SIGHT GLASS,ETC.) AND TOWER SHELL SHALL BE IN THESAME PLANE.

c.塔体内表面焊缝应磨平，焊疤、焊渣应清除干净。

THE INNER WELD OF TOWER SHOULD BE POLISHED TO MAKE IT FLUSH WITHMOTHER MATERIAL. CLEAN OUT WELD SCARS AND WELD DREGS.

d.塔节两端法兰与塔体焊接后一起加工，其法兰密封面与筒体轴线垂直度公差为1mm。

MACHINE THE TWO END FLANGES TOGETHER AFTER THEY ARE WELDED TO TOWERBODY. FLANGE SEALING SURFACE SHALL BE SET VERTICAL TO THE AXIS OF TOWER. THE ALLOWANCESHALL BE 1mm.

e.填料应采用____材料制做，其特性参数应符合设计要求的指标或制造厂标准填料的特性。

THE MATERIAL OF PACKING SHALL BE ____, WHOSE CHARACTERISTICPARAMETER ACCORD WITH THE DESIGNED GUIDE LINE OR THE CHARACTERISTIC PARAMETERAND SPECIFICATION OF FACTORY STANDARD PACKING.

f. 填料盘名义外径D=Di-4，填料盘高度极限偏差为3mm。

THE NOMINAL OUTSIDE DIAMETER OF PACKING TRAY SHALL BE:D=Di-4. THEHEIGHT ALLOWANCE OF PACKING SHALL BE 3mm.

g.填料应在塔外平台上预组装，横断面的平面度公差为3mm。(大直径塔的规整填料需分块制作时)

PACKING SHALL BE PREASSEMBLED ON THE OUTSIDE PLATFORM OF TOWER. THEFLATNESS ALLOWANCE OF TRANSECT SECTION SHALL BE 3mm.

h.制作完的填料盘或组件应进行严格的净脱脂或其它特殊处理。

DO STRICT NET DEGREASE OR OTHER SPECIAL TREATMENT TO THOSE FINISHEDPACKING TRAYS OR ASSEMBLIES.

表面处理技术要求

一. 设备表面进行喷砂除锈处理，除锈质量达到Sa____级；防锈质量标准符合GB/T8923-2011《涂装前钢材表面锈蚀等级》要求。 (除锈质量等级:现场制造的非标设备Sa2级，工厂制造的非标设备Sa2-1/2级。)

DO SAND JETTING AND RUST ELIMINATING TO EQUIPMENT SURFACE. THEQUALIFIED GRADE OF RUST ELIMINATING SHALL BE Sa____. AND RUST PREVENTING SHALLCONFORM TO GB/T8923-2011 " RUST CORROSION GRADE OF STEEL PRODUCTS SURFACEBEFORE BRUSH COATING AND ASSEMBLY".

1.无保温(保冷)的碳钢设备

在表面处理并检查合格后，应及时涂刷环氧富锌底漆，干膜厚度为75μm，中间漆为环氧云铁防锈漆，干膜厚度为125μm，面漆为聚氨脂漆，干膜厚度为50μm。

AFTER SURFACE TREATMENT AND THE CHECK RESULT PROVES TO BE ELIGIBLE,BRUSH COATING EPOXY Zn-ABUNDANT PRIMER IN TIME WITH 75μm DRIED FILM THICKNESS. MIDDLE COATSHALL BE EPOXY MICA IRON RUST PREVENTING COAT WITH 125μm DRIED FILM THICKNESS. FINISH COAT SHALL BEPOLYMERIC AMMONIACUM COAT WITH 50μm DRIED FILM THICKNESS.

2.保温(保冷)的碳钢设备

a.当介质温度<93℃时

在表面处理并合格后，应及时涂刷环氧富锌底漆，干膜厚度为75μm。

AFTER SURFACE TREATMENT AND THE CHECK RESULT PROVES TO BE ELIGIBLE,BRUSH COATING EPOXY Zn-ABUNDANT PRIMER IN TIME WITH 75μm DRIED FILM THICKNESS.

b.当介质温度>93 ℃~300℃时

在表面处理并合格后，应及时涂刷耐高温有机硅底漆，干膜厚度为50μm。

AFTER SURFACE TREATMENT AND THE CHECK RESULT PROVES TO BE ELIGIBLE,BRUSH COATING HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESISTANT ORGANIC SILICON PRIMER IN TIME WITH 50μm DRIED FILM THICKNESS.

二. 设备外表面涂色及标志按HG/T20679-2014《化工设备管道涂料外防腐设计》的规定执行。

SMEARING AND MARKING OF EQUIPMENT SURFACE SHOULD CONFORM TO HG/T20679-2014 "CORROSION-RESISTANT DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL INDUSTRY EQUIPMENTAND PIPING COATS".

零部件技术要求

一. 锻制零件

1.锻件的制造、检验和验收应符合____，____级_锻件合格.

FABRICATION, CHECK AND EXAMINATION OF FORGINGS SHALL CONFORM TO CLASS ________ SHAPE AS SPECIFIED IN____.

2.材料的化学成分为：____；热处理后的机械性能为：____。

CHEMISTRY COMPONENT OF MATERIAL SHALL BE:____. MECHANISM PERFORMANCEAFTER HEAT TREATMENT SHALL BE:____.

3. 锻件需作晶间腐蚀试验，按____。

FOEGINGS WILL BE UNDERGONE HUEY TEST ACCORDING TO ____.

4. 锻件需进行设计温度下的夏比(V型缺口)低温冲击试验,其Akv>____J。

DO LOW TEMPERATURE CHARPY (V SHAPE GAP) IMPACT TEST AT THE DESIGNTEMPERATURE. THE IMPACT WORK (Akv) SHOULD BE AT LEAST ____J.

5. 加工面和非加工面线性尺寸的未注公差，按GB/T1804-2000的m级和c级(或v级)要求。

THE LINEARITY DIMENSION ALLOWANCE OF MACHINED SURFACE OR NONMACHINEDSURFACE SHOULD BE IN CONFORMITY WITH STIPULATION OF CLASS m OR CLASS c(v) INGB/T1804-2000.

二. 铸造零件

1. 铸件按____的规定。

CASTINGS SHALL CONFORM TO ____.

2. 铸件应进行消除内应力热处理。

CASTINGS SHALL BE HEAT TREATED TO GET STRESS RELIEVED.

3. 热处理后的机械性能____。

SEAL SURFACE AND OUTSIDE SURFACE OF FLANGE (COVER) SHALL HAVE NOCREVICE OR ANY OTHER DEFECTS WHICH MIGHT LOWER THE STRENGTH OF FLANGE ANDRELIABILITY OF FLANGE CONNECTION.

4. 铸件需作晶间腐蚀倾向试验，按____。

CASTINGS WILL BE UNDERGONE HUEY TEST ACCORDING TO ____.

5. 除注明外，加工面线性尺寸的未注公差按GB/T1804-2000的m级要求，非加工面未注公差尺寸的极限偏差按GB/T6414-1995的CT____级要求。

EXCEPT INDICATION, THE LINEARITY DIMENSION ALLOWANCE OF MACHINEDSURFACE SHOULD BE IN CONFORMITY WITH STIPULATION OF CLASS m IN GB/T1804-2000, AND NONMACHINEDSURFACE SHOULD BE IN CONFORMITY WITH STIPULATION OF CLASS CT____ IN GB/T6114-1995.

三. 法兰，法兰盖

1. 材料应符合____规定。

MATERIAL SHALL CONFORM TO ____.

2. 法兰(盖)应进行____热处理。

FLANGE (COVER) SHALL BE HEAT TREATED OF ____.

3. 法兰(盖)密封面及表面不得有裂纹及其它降低法兰强度和连接可靠性的缺陷。

SEAL SURFACE AND OUTSIDE SURFACE OF FLANGE (COVER) SHALL HAVE NOCREVICE OR ANY OTHER DEFECTS WHICH MIGHT LOWER THE STRENGTH OF FLANGE ANDRELIABILITY OF FLANGE CONNECTION.

4. 法兰(盖)上螺柱孔中心圆直径和相邻两螺柱孔弦长极限偏差为±0.6mm，任意两螺柱孔弦长极限偏差为____mm。

FOR THE DIAMETER OF THE CENTER CIRCLE OF BOLT HOLES AND THE LENGTHOF CHORD BETWEEN TWO ADJACENT BOLTS,THE ALLOWANCE SHALL BE ±0.6mm, THE ALLOWANCE FOR THECHORD LENGTH BETWEEN TWO ARBITRARY BOLT HOLES ON CENTER CIRCLE IS ____mm

5. 除注明外，加工面和非加工面线性尺寸未注公差按GB/T1804-2000的m级和c级(或v级)。

EXCEPT INDICATION, THE LINEARITY DIMENSION ALLOWANCE OF MACHINEDSURFACE OR NONMACHINED SURFACE SHOULD BE IN CONFORMITY WITH STIPULATION OFCLASS m OR CLASS c(v) IN GB/T1804-2000.

四. 人孔，手孔

1. 人(手)孔的制造、检验和试验按____的规定。

FABRICATION, CHECK AND EXAMINATION OF MANHOLES (HANDHOLES) SHALLCONFORM TO ____.

2. 法兰(盖)密封面及表面不得有裂纹及其它降低法兰强度和连接可靠性的缺陷。

SEAL SURFACE AND OUTSIDE SURFACE OF FLANGE (COVER) SHALL HAVE NOCREVICE OR ANY OTHER DEFECTS WHICH MIGHT LOWER THE STRENGTH OF FLANGE ANDRELIABILITY OF FLANGE CONNECTION.

3. 法兰(盖)上螺柱孔中心圆直径和相邻两螺柱孔弦长极限偏差为±0.6mm，任意两螺柱孔弦长极限偏差为____mm。

FOR THE DIAMETER OF THE CENTER CIRCLE OF BOLT HOLES AND THE LENGTHOF CHORD BETWEEN TWO ADJACENT BOLTS,THE ALLOWANCE SHALL BE ±0.6mm, THE ALLOWANCE FOR THECHORD LENGTH BETWEEN TWO ARBITRARY BOLT HOLES ON CENTER CIRCLE IS ____mm.

4. 除注明外，加工面和非加工面线性尺寸未注公差按GB/T1804-2000的m级和c级(或v级)。 (自画人孔时选2,3,4条)

EXCEPT INDICATION, THE LINEARITY DIMENSION ALLOWANCE OF MACHINEDSURFACE OR NONMACHINED SURFACE SHOULD BE IN CONFORMITY WITH STIPULATION OFCLASS m OR CLASS c(v) IN GB/T1804-2000.

5. 人(手)孔待与所在设备组焊后一起进行压力试验，见装配图技术要求。

DO PRESSURE TEST TO MANHOLES (HANDHOLES) AFTER AFTER ASSEMBLYWELDING TO EQUIPMENT, SEE SPECIFICATION IN ASSEMBLY DRAWING.

五. 补强圈

1. 补强圈应与容器壳体接触面密切贴合。

REINFORCE RING SHALL INTEGRATE CLOSELY TO INTERFACE OF VESSEL SHELL.

2. 补强圈焊接后，应以0.4~0.5MPa的压缩空气检查其连接焊缝质量。(薄壁容器为0.1 Mpa。)

AFTER WELDING OF REINFORCE RING, DO TEST WITH 0.4~0.5MPa COMPRESSEDAIR TO CHECK QUALITY OF CONNECTING WELDS.(薄壁容器为0.1 MPa.)

3. 线性尺寸的未注公差按GB/T1804-2000中v级。

THE LINEARITY DIMENSION ALLOWANCE SHOULD BE IN CONFORMITY WITHSTIPULATION OF CLASS v IN GB/T1804-2000.