知识大全 Java加密技术(九)

Posted 2022-07-18 知

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　　在Java加密技术（八）中我们模拟了一个基于RSA非对称加密网络的安全通信现在我们深度了解一下现有的安全网络通信——SSL

　　我们需要构建一个由CA机构签发的有效证书这里我们使用上文中生成的自签名证书zlex cer

　　这里我们将证书导入到我们的密钥库

　　Shell代码

　　keytool import alias file d /zlex cer keystore d /zlex keystore

　　其中

　　 import表示导入

　　 alias指定别名这里是

　　 file指定算法这里是d /zlex cer

　　 keystore指定存储位置这里是d /zlex keystore

　　在这里我使用的密码为

　　控制台输出

　　Console代码输入keystore密码再次输入新密码:所有者:CN= OU=zlex O=zlex L=BJ ST=BJ C=CN签发人:CN= OU=zlex O=zlex L=BJ ST=BJ C=CN序列号: a e df有效期: Thu May : : CST 至Wed Aug : : CST 证书指纹: MD : :CA:E : :E :DF:AD: : : : F:A :AD:FC: : A SHA : : : : : : :F : :CA: :A : D: A:CF: :D :C :D :C :C 签名算法名称:SHA withRSA 版本: 信任这个认证？ [否] y认证已添加至keystore中

　　OK 最复杂的准备工作已经完成

　　接下来我们将域名定位到本机上打开C \\Windows\\System \\drivers\\etc\\hosts文件将绑定在本机上在文件末尾追加现在通过地址栏访问或者通过ping命令如果能够定位到本机域名映射就搞定了

　　现在配置tomcat 先将zlex keystore拷贝到tomcat的conf目录下然后配置server xml 将如下内容加入配置文件

　　Xml代码 <Connector SSLEnabled= true URIEncoding= UTF clientAuth= false keystoreFile= conf/zlex keystore keystorePass= maxThreads= port= protocol= HTTP/ scheme= secure= true sslProtocol= TLS />

　　注意clientAuth= false 测试阶段置为false 正式使用时建议使用true 现在启动tomcat 访问

　　显然证书未能通过认证这个时候你可以选择安装证书（上文中的zlex cer文件就是证书）作为受信任的根证书颁发机构导入再次重启浏览器（IE 其他浏览器对于域名不支持本地方式访问）访问你会看到地址栏中会有个小锁就说明安装成功所有的浏览器联网操作已经在RSA加密解密系统的保护之下了但似乎我们感受不到

　　这个时候很多人开始怀疑如果我们要手工做一个这样的的访问是不是需要把浏览器的这些个功能都实现呢？不需要！

　　接着上篇内容给出如下代码实现

　　Java代码

　　import java io FileInputStream;import java security KeyStore;import java security PrivateKey;import java security PublicKey;import java security Signature;import java security cert Certificate;import java security cert CertificateFactory;import java security cert X Certificate;import java util Date;

　　import javax crypto Cipher;import ssl HttpsURLConnection;import ssl KeyManagerFactory;import ssl SSLContext;import ssl SSLSocketFactory;import ssl TrustManagerFactory;

　　/** * 证书组件 * * @author 梁栋 * @version * @since */public abstract class CertificateCoder extends Coder

　　/** * Java密钥库(Java Key Store JKS)KEY_STORE */ public static final String KEY_STORE = JKS ;

　　public static final String X = X ; public static final String SunX = SunX ; public static final String SSL = SSL ;

　　/** * 由KeyStore获得私钥 * * @param keyStorePath * @param alias * @param password * @return * @throws Exception */ private static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String keyStorePath String alias String password) throws Exception KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath password); PrivateKey key = (PrivateKey) ks getKey(alias password toCharArray()); return key;

　　/** * 由Certificate获得公钥 * * @param certificatePath * @return * @throws Exception */ private static PublicKey getPublicKey(String certificatePath) throws Exception Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath); PublicKey key = certificate getPublicKey(); return key;

　　/** * 获得Certificate * * @param certificatePath * @return * @throws Exception */ private static Certificate getCertificate(String certificatePath) throws Exception CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory getInstance(X ); FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(certificatePath);

　　Certificate certificate = certificateFactory generateCertificate(in); in close();

　　return certificate;

　　/** * 获得Certificate * * @param keyStorePath * @param alias * @param password * @return * @throws Exception */ private static Certificate getCertificate(String keyStorePath String alias String password) throws Exception KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath password); Certificate certificate = ks getCertificate(alias);

　　return certificate;

　　/** * 获得KeyStore * * @param keyStorePath * @param password * @return * @throws Exception */ private static KeyStore getKeyStore(String keyStorePath String password) throws Exception FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(keyStorePath); KeyStore ks = KeyStore getInstance(KEY_STORE); ks load(is password toCharArray()); is close(); return ks;

　　/** * 私钥加密 * * @param data * @param keyStorePath * @param alias * @param password * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data String keyStorePath String alias String password) throws Exception // 取得私钥 PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath alias password);

　　// 对数据加密 Cipher cipher = Cipher getInstance(privateKey getAlgorithm()); cipher init(Cipher ENCRYPT_MODE privateKey);

　　return cipher doFinal(data);

　　/** * 私钥解密 * * @param data * @param keyStorePath * @param alias * @param password * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data String keyStorePath String alias String password) throws Exception // 取得私钥 PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath alias password);

　　// 对数据加密 Cipher cipher = Cipher getInstance(privateKey getAlgorithm()); cipher init(Cipher DECRYPT_MODE privateKey);

　　return cipher doFinal(data);

　　/** * 公钥加密 * * @param data * @param certificatePath * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data String certificatePath) throws Exception

　　// 取得公钥 PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath); // 对数据加密 Cipher cipher = Cipher getInstance(publicKey getAlgorithm()); cipher init(Cipher ENCRYPT_MODE publicKey);

　　return cipher doFinal(data);

　　/** * 公钥解密 * * @param data * @param certificatePath * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data String certificatePath) throws Exception // 取得公钥 PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);

　　// 对数据加密 Cipher cipher = Cipher getInstance(publicKey getAlgorithm()); cipher init(Cipher DECRYPT_MODE publicKey);

　　return cipher doFinal(data);

　　/** * 验证Certificate * * @param certificatePath * @return */ public static boolean verifyCertificate(String certificatePath) return verifyCertificate(new Date() certificatePath);

　　/** * 验证Certificate是否过期或无效 * * @param date * @param certificatePath * @return */ public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date String certificatePath) boolean status = true; try // 取得证书 Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath); // 验证证书是否过期或无效 status = verifyCertificate(date certificate); catch (Exception e) status = false; return status;

　　/** * 验证证书是否过期或无效 * * @param date * @param certificate * @return */ private static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date Certificate certificate) boolean status = true; try X Certificate x Certificate = (X Certificate) certificate; x Certificate checkValidity(date); catch (Exception e) status = false; return status;

　　/** * 签名 * * @param keyStorePath * @param alias * @param password * * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String sign(byte[] sign String keyStorePath String alias String password) throws Exception // 获得证书 X Certificate x Certificate = (X Certificate) getCertificate( keyStorePath alias password); // 获取私钥 KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath password); // 取得私钥 PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks getKey(alias password toCharArray());

　　// 构建签名 Signature signature = Signature getInstance(x Certificate getSigAlgName()); signature initSign(privateKey); signature update(sign); return encryptBASE (signature sign());

　　/** * 验证签名 * * @param data * @param sign * @param certificatePath * @return * @throws Exception */ public static boolean verify(byte[] data String sign String certificatePath) throws Exception // 获得证书 X Certificate x Certificate = (X Certificate) getCertificate(certificatePath); // 获得公钥 PublicKey publicKey = x Certificate getPublicKey(); // 构建签名 Signature signature = Signature getInstance(x Certificate getSigAlgName()); signature initVerify(publicKey); signature update(data);

　　return signature verify(decryptBASE (sign));

　　/** * 验证Certificate * * @param keyStorePath * @param alias * @param password * @return */ public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date String keyStorePath String alias String password) boolean status = true; try Certificate certificate = getCertificate(keyStorePath alias password); status = verifyCertificate(date certificate); catch (Exception e) status = false; return status;

　　/** * 验证Certificate * * @param keyStorePath * @param alias * @param password * @return */ public static boolean verifyCertificate(String keyStorePath String alias String password) return verifyCertificate(new Date() keyStorePath alias password);

　　/** * 获得SSLSocektFactory * * @param password * 密码 * @param keyStorePath * 密钥库路径 * * @param trustKeyStorePath * 信任库路径 * @return * @throws Exception */ private static SSLSocketFactory getSSLSocketFactory(String password String keyStorePath String trustKeyStorePath) throws Exception // 初始化密钥库 KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory getInstance(SunX ); KeyStore keyStore = getKeyStore(keyStorePath password); keyManagerFactory init(keyStore password toCharArray());

　　// 初始化信任库 TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory getInstance(SunX ); KeyStore trustkeyStore = getKeyStore(trustKeyStorePath password); trustManagerFactory init(trustkeyStore);

　　// 初始化SSL上下文 SSLContext ctx = SSLContext getInstance(SSL); ctx init(keyManagerFactory getKeyManagers() trustManagerFactory getTrustManagers() null); SSLSocketFactory sf = ctx getSocketFactory();

　　return sf;

　　/** * 为HttpsURLConnection配置SSLSocketFactory * * @param conn * HttpsURLConnection * @param password * 密码 * @param keyStorePath * 密钥库路径 * * @param trustKeyStorePath * 信任库路径 * @throws Exception */ public static void configSSLSocketFactory(HttpsURLConnection conn String password String keyStorePath String trustKeyStorePath) throws Exception conn setSSLSocketFactory(getSSLSocketFactory(password keyStorePath trustKeyStorePath));

　　增加了configSSLSocketFactory方法供外界调用该方法为HttpsURLConnection配置了SSLSocketFactory 当HttpsURLConnection配置了SSLSocketFactory后我们就可以通过HttpsURLConnection的getInputStream getOutputStream 像往常使用HttpURLConnection做操作了尤其要说明一点未配置SSLSocketFactory前 HttpsURLConnection的getContentLength（）获得值永远都是

　　给出相应测试类

　　Java代码

　　import static junit Assert *;

　　import java io DataInputStream;import java io InputStream;import URL;

　　import ssl HttpsURLConnection;

　　import junit Test;

　　/** * * @author 梁栋 * @version * @since */public class CertificateCoderTest private String password = ; private String alias = ; private String certificatePath = d:/zlex cer ; private String keyStorePath = d:/zlex keystore ; private String clientKeyStorePath = d:/zlex client keystore ; private String clientPassword = ;

　　@Test public void test() throws Exception System err println( 公钥加密——私钥解密 ); String inputStr = Ceritifcate ; byte[] data = inputStr getBytes();

　　byte[] encrypt = CertificateCoder encryptByPublicKey(data certificatePath);

　　byte[] decrypt = CertificateCoder decryptByPrivateKey(encrypt keyStorePath alias password); String outputStr = new String(decrypt);

　　System err println( 加密前: + inputStr + \\n\\r + 解密后: + outputStr);

　　// 验证数据一致 assertArrayEquals(data decrypt);

　　// 验证证书有效 assertTrue(CertificateCoder verifyCertificate(certificatePath));

　　@Test public void testSign() throws Exception System err println( 私钥加密——公钥解密 );

　　String inputStr = sign ; byte[] data = inputStr getBytes();

　　byte[] encodedData = CertificateCoder encryptByPrivateKey(data keyStorePath alias password);

　　byte[] decodedData = CertificateCoder decryptByPublicKey(encodedData certificatePath);

　　String outputStr = new String(decodedData); System err println( 加密前: + inputStr + \\n\\r + 解密后: + outputStr); assertEquals(inputStr outputStr);

　　System err println( 私钥签名——公钥验证签名 ); // 产生签名 String sign = CertificateCoder sign(encodedData keyStorePath alias password); System err println( 签名:\\r + sign);

　　// 验证签名 boolean status = CertificateCoder verify(encodedData sign certificatePath); System err println( 状态:\\r + status); assertTrue(status);

　　@Test public void testHttps() throws Exception URL url = new URL( ); HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url openConnection();

　　conn setDoInput(true); conn setDoOutput(true);

　　nfigSSLSocketFactory(conn clientPassword clientKeyStorePath clientKeyStorePath);

　　InputStream is = conn getInputStream();

　　int length = conn getContentLength();

　　DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(is); byte[] data = new byte[length]; dis readFully(data);

　　dis close(); System err println(new String(data)); conn disconnect();

　　注意testHttps方法几乎和我们往常做HTTP访问没有差别我们来看控制台输出

　　Console代码

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通过浏览器直接访问你也会获得上述内容也就是说应用甲方作为服务器构建tomcat服务乙方可以通过上述方式访问甲方受保护的SSL应用并且不需要考虑具体的加密解密问题甲乙双方可以经过相应配置通过双方的tomcat配置有效的SSL服务简化上述代码实现完全通过证书配置完成SSL双向认证！ cha138/Article/program/Java/gj/201311/27353