知识大全 .net Framework提供配置文件操作

Posted 2022-07-17 操作

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namespace System Configuration; 创建配置节类必须创建继承自ConfigurationSection的对象才能进行配置数据读写操作 ConfigurationSection提供了索引器用来获取和设置配置数据需要注意的是拥有ConfigurationProperty特性的属性才会被存储并且名称要保持大小写完全一致如下面的代码中所有的 id 必须保持一样 class ConfigSectionData : ConfigurationSection [ConfigurationProperty( id )] public int Id get return (int)this[ id ]; set this[ id ] = value; [ConfigurationProperty( time )] public DateTime Time get return (DateTime)this[ time ]; set this[ time ] = value; 创建配置文件操作对象 Configuration config = ConfigurationManager OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel None);ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData();data Id = ;data Time = DateTime Now;config Sections Add( add data);config Save(ConfigurationSaveMode Minimal);上面的例子是操作 nfig 在根节点(configuration)下写入名称为 add 的配置数据

读取配置文件 ExeConfigurationFileMap file = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();file ExeConfigFilename = nfig ;Configuration config = ConfigurationManager OpenMappedExeConfiguration(file ConfigurationUserLevel None);ConfigSectionData data = config SectionGroups[ group ] Sections[ add ] as ConfigSectionData;//ConfigSectionData data = config Sections[ add ] as ConfigSectionData; // 从根节读取if (data != null) Console WriteLine(data Id); Console WriteLine(data Time);

　　 写配置文件在写入 ConfigurationSectionGroup 和 ConfigurationSection 前要判断同名配置是否已经存在否则会写入失败另外如果配置文件被其他Configuration对象修改则保存会失败并抛出异常建议采用Singleton模式

ExeConfigurationFileMap file = new ExeConfigurationFileMap();file ExeConfigFilename = nfig ;Configuration config = ConfigurationManager OpenMappedExeConfiguration(file ConfigurationUserLevel None);ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData();data Id = ;data Time = DateTime Now;ConfigurationSectionGroup group = config SectionGroups[ group ];if (group == null) config SectionGroups Add( group new ConfigurationSectionGroup());ConfigurationSection data = group Sections[ add ] as config;if (add == null) config SectionGroups[ group ] Sections Add( add data);else group Sections Remove( add ); group Sections Add( add data); // 或者直接修改原配置对象前提是类型转换要成功 //ConfigSectionData configData = add as ConfigSectionData; //configData Id = data Id; //configData Time = data Time;config Save(ConfigurationSaveMode Minimal); 删除配置节删除ConfigurationSectionGroup config SectionGroups Remove( group );//config SectionGroups Clear();config Save(ConfigurationSaveMode Minimal);删除ConfigurationSection config Sections Remove( add );//config Sections Clear();if (config SectionGroups[ group ] != null) config SectionGroups[ group ] Sections Remove( add ); //config SectionGroups[ group ] Sections Clear();config Save(ConfigurationSaveMode Minimal); 其他可以使用 ConfigurationManager OpenMachineConfiguration() 来操作 nfig 文件或者使用 System Web Configuration 名字空间中的 WebConfigurationManager 类来操作配置文件 ConfigurationManager还提供了AppSettings ConnectionStrings GetSection()等便捷操作 使用自定义类 补充回复 ggy 网友的疑问引用至 ggy 比如ConfigSectionData里面除了简单类型之外可不可以有自定义的类可以使用自定义类不过需要定义一个转换器 using System;using System Collections;using System Collections Generic;using System Configuration;using System Globalization;using System ComponentModel;// 要写入配置文件的自定义类class CustomData public CustomData(string s) this s = s; private string s; public string S get return s; set s = value; // 自定义的转换器(演示代码省略了类型判断)class CustomConvert : ConfigurationConverterBase public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext ctx Type type) return (type == typeof(string)); public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext ctx CultureInfo ci object value Type type) return (value as CustomData) S; public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext ctx CultureInfo ci object data) return new CustomData((string)data);; class ConfigSectionData : ConfigurationSection [ConfigurationProperty( id )] public int Id get return (int)this[ id ]; set this[ id ] = value; [ConfigurationProperty( time )] public DateTime Time get return (DateTime)this[ time ]; set this[ time ] = value; [ConfigurationProperty( custom )] [TypeConverter(typeof(CustomConvert))] // 指定转换器 public CustomData Custom get return (CustomData)this[ custom ]; set this[ custom ] = value; public class Program static void Main(string[] args) Configuration config = ConfigurationManager OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel None); ConfigSectionData data = new ConfigSectionData(); data Id = ; data Time = DateTime Now; data Custom = new CustomData( abcdefg ); config Sections Add( add data); config Save(ConfigurationSaveMode Minimal); // 读取测试 ConfigSectionData configData = (ConfigSectionData)config Sections[ add ]; Console WriteLine(configData Custom S); 保存后的配置文件

更详细的信息可以看 MSDN 中关于 System Configuration ConfigurationConverterBase 的说明 cha138/Article/program/net/201311/12863