知识大全 userenv和sys

Posted 2022-07-16 标识符

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　　这两个函数用来记录连接的session信息经常用于触发器中记录客户端的连接信息（比如IP）我比较关注的是sessionid和ip 但是 select userenv( sessionid )得到的并不是用户的sid 而是v$session中的audsid sid根据audsid再得到

　　SQL> select sid from v$session where audsid=userenv( sessionid );

　　SID

　　至于sid和audsid的区别自己也没太搞明白网上摘了一段

　　 from asktom

　　the audsid column is populated via a sequence and for normal

　　sessions is the same as userenv( sessionid ) but for some background sessions it is not set

　　(it es back as making the view not work

　　So I d just ignore audsid for now and use SID

　　下面记录了两个函数的具体用法

　　 USERENV(OPTION)

　　返回当前的会话信息

　　OPTION= ISDBA 若当前是DBA角色则为TRUE 否则FALSE

　　OPTION= LANGUAGE 返回数据库的字符集

　　OPTION= SESSIONID 为当前会话标识符

　　OPTION= ENTRYID 返回可审计的会话标识符

　　OPTION= LANG 返回会话语言名称的ISO简记

　　OPTION= INSTANCE 返回当前的实例

　　OPTION= terminal 返回当前计算机名

　　SELECT USERENV( LANGUAGE ) FROM DUAL;

　　返回系统会话信息sys_context

　　select

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV TERMINAL ) terminal

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV LANGUAGE ) language

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV SESSIONID ) sessionid

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV INSTANCE ) instance

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV ENTRYID ) entryid

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV ISDBA ) isdba

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV NLS_TERRITORY ) nls_territory

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV NLS_CURRENCY ) nls_currency

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV NLS_CALENDAR ) nls_calendar

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV NLS_DATE_FORMAT ) nls_date_format

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE ) nls_date_language

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV NLS_SORT ) nls_sort

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV CURRENT_USER ) current_user

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV CURRENT_USERID ) current_userid

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV SESSION_USER ) session_user

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV SESSION_USERID ) session_userid

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV PROXY_USER ) proxy_user

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV PROXY_USERID ) proxy_userid

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV DB_DOMAIN ) db_domain

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV DB_NAME ) db_name

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV HOST ) host

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV OS_USER ) os_user

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV EXTERNAL_NAME ) external_name

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV IP_ADDRESS ) ip_address

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV NEORK_PROTOCOL ) neork_protocol

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV BG_JOB_ID ) bg_job_id

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV FG_JOB_ID ) fg_job_id

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV AUTHENTICATION_TYPE ) authentication_type

　　SYS_CONTEXT( USERENV AUTHENTICATION_DATA ) authentication_data

　　from dual ;

　　其中第二个参数的可选值如下

　　AUTHENTICATION_DATA

　　Data being used to authenticate the login user For X certificate authenticated sessions this field returns the context of the certificate in HEX format

　　Note: You can change the return value of the AUTHENTICATION_DATA attribute using the length parameter of the syntax Values of up to are accepted This is the only attribute of USERENV for which Oracle implements such a change

　　AUTHENTICATION_TYPE

　　How the user was authenticated:

　　DATABASE: username/password authentication

　　OS: operating system external user authentication

　　NEORK: neork protocol or ANO authentication

　　PROXY: OCI proxy connection authentication

　　BG_JOB_ID

　　Job ID of the current session if it was established by an Oracle background process Null if the session was not established by a background process

　　CLIENT_INFO

　　Returns up to bytes of user session information that can be stored by an application using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO package

　　CURRENT_SCHEMA

　　Name of the default schema being used in the current schema This value can be changed during the session with an ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA statement

　　CURRENT_SCHEMAID

　　Identifier of the default schema being used in the current session

　　CURRENT_USER

　　The name of the user whose privilege the current session is under

　　CURRENT_USERID

　　User ID of the user whose privilege the current session is under

　　DB_DOMAIN

　　Domain of the database as specified in the DB_DOMAIN initialization parameter

　　DB_NAME

　　Name of the database as specified in the DB_NAME initialization parameter

　　ENTRYID

　　The available auditing entry identifier You cannot use this option in distributed SQL statements To use this keyword in USERENV the initialization parameter AUDIT_TRAIL must be set to true

　　EXTERNAL_NAME

　　External name of the database user For SSL authenticated sessions using v certificates this field returns the distinguished name (DN) stored in the user certificate

　　FG_JOB_ID

　　Job ID of the current session if it was established by a client foreground process Null if the session was not established by a foreground process

　　HOST

　　Name of the host machine from which the client has connected

　　INSTANCE

　　The instance identification number of the current instance

　　IP_ADDRESS

　　IP address of the machine from which the client is connected

　　ISDBA

　　TRUE if you are logged on as SYS

　　LANG

　　The ISO abbreviation for the language name a shorter form than the existing LANGUAGE parameter

　　LANGUAGE

　　The language and territory currently used by your session along with the database character set in the form:language_territory characterset

　　NEORK_PROTOCOL

　　Neork protocol being used for munication as specified in the PROTOCOL=protocol portion of the connect string

　　NLS_CALENDAR

　　The current calendar of the current session

　　NLS_CURRENCY

　　The currency of the current session

　　NLS_DATE_FORMAT

　　The date format for the session

　　NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE

　　The language used for expressing dates

　　NLS_SORT BINARY

　　or the linguistic sort basis

　　NLS_TERRITORY

　　The territory of the current session

　　OS_USER

　　Operating system username of the client process that initiated the database session

　　PROXY_USER

　　Name of the database user who opened the current session on behalf of SESSION_USER

　　PROXY_USERID

　　Identifier of the database user who opened the current session on behalf of SESSION_USER

　　SESSION_USER

　　Database user name by which the current user is authenticated This value remains the same throughout the duration of the session

　　SESSION_USERID

　　Identifier of the database user name by which the current user is authenticated

　　SESSIONID

　　The auditing session identifier You cannot use this option in distributed SQL statements

　　TERMINAL

　　The operating system identifier for the client of the current session In distributed SQL statements this option returns the identifier for your local session In a distributed environment this is supported only for remote SELECT statements not for remote INSERT UPDATE or DELETE operations

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