知识大全 oracle 中的常用命令重点展播

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   第一章 日志管理   forcing log switches   sql> alter system switch logfile;     forcing checkpoints   sql> alter system checkpoint;      adding online redo log groups   sql> alter database add logfile [group ]   sql> ( /disk /log a rdo /disk /log b rdo ) size m;      adding online redo log members   sql> alter database add logfile member   sql> /disk /log b rdo to group   sql> /disk /log b rdo to group ;      changes the name of the online redo logfile   sql> alter database rename file c:/oracle/oradata/oradb/redo log   sql> to c:/oracle/oradata/redo log ;      drop online redo log groups   sql> alter database drop logfile group ;      drop online redo log members   sql> alter database drop logfile member c:/oracle/oradata/redo log ;      clearing online redo log files   sql> alter database clear [unarchived] logfile c:/oracle/log a rdo ;      using logminer analyzing redo logfiles     a in the init ora specify utl_file_dir =   b sql> execute dbms_logmnr_d build( oradb ora c:\\oracle\\oradb\\log );   c sql> execute dbms_logmnr_add_logfile( c:\\oracle\\oradata\\oradb\\redo log   sql> dbms_logmnr new);   d sql> execute dbms_logmnr add_logfile( c:\\oracle\\oradata\\oradb\\redo log   sql> dbms_logmnr addfile);   e sql> execute dbms_logmnr start_logmnr(dictfilename=> c:\\oracle\\oradb\\log\\oradb ora );   f sql> select * from v$logmnr_contents(v$logmnr_dictionary   v$logmnr_parameters sql> v$logmnr_logs);   g sql> execute dbms_logmnr end_logmnr;      第二章 表空间管理    create tablespaces   sql> create tablespace tablespace_name datafile c:\\oracle\\oradata\\file dbf   size m   sql> c:\\oracle\\oradata\\file dbf size m minimum extent k [logging/nologging]   sql> default storage (initial k next k maxextents pctinccease )   sql> [online/offline] [permanent/temporary] [extent_management_clause]      locally managed tablespace   sql> create tablespace user_data datafile c:\\oracle\\oradata\\user_data dbf   sql> size m extent management local uniform size m;      temporary tablespace   sql> create temporary tablespace temp tempfile c:\\oracle\\oradata\\temp dbf   sql> size m extent management local uniform size m;      change the storage setting   sql> alter tablespace app_data minimum extent m;   sql> alter tablespace app_data default storage  (initial m next m maxextents );      taking tablespace offline or online   sql> alter tablespace app_data offline;   sql> alter tablespace app_data online;      read_only tablespace   sql> alter tablespace app_data read only|write;      droping tablespace   sql> drop tablespace app_data including contents;      enableing automatic extension of data files   sql> alter tablespace app_data add datafile   c:\\oracle\\oradata\\app_data dbf size m   sql> autoextend on next m maxsize m;      change the size fo data files manually   sql> alter database datafile c:\\oracle\\oradata\\app_data dbf resize m;      Moving data files: alter tablespace   sql> alter tablespace app_data rename datafile c:\\oracle\\oradata\\app_data dbf   sql> to c:\\oracle\\app_data dbf ;      moving data files:alter database   sql> alter database rename file c:\\oracle\\oradata\\app_data dbf   sql> to c:\\oracle\\app_data dbf ;      第三章 表    create a table   sql> create table table_name (column datatype column datatype] )   sql> tablespace tablespace_name [pctfree integer] [pctused integer]   sql> [initrans integer] [maxtrans integer]   sql> storage(initial k next k pctincrease maxextents )   sql> [logging|nologging] [cache|nocache]     py an existing table   sql> create table table_name [logging|nologging] as subquery      create temporary table   sql> create global temporary table xay_temp as select * from xay;   on mit preserve rows/on mit delete rows      pctfree = (average row size initial row size) * /average row size   pctused = pctfree (average row size* /available data space)      change storage and block utilization parameter   sql> alter table table_name pctfree= pctused= storage(next k   sql> minextents maxextents );      manually allocating extents   sql> alter table table_name allocate extent(size k datafile c:/oracle/data dbf );      move tablespace   sql> alter table employee move tablespace users;      deallocate of unused space   sql> alter table table_name deallocate unused [keep integer]      truncate a table   sql> truncate table table_name;      drop a table   sql> drop table table_name [cascade constraints];      drop a column   sql> alter table table_name drop column ments cascade   constraints checkpoint ;   alter table table_name drop columns continue;      mark a column as unused   sql> alter table table_name set unused column ments cascade constraints;   alter table table_name drop unused columns checkpoint ;   alter table orders drop columns continue checkpoint   data_dictionary : dba_unused_col_tabs      第四章 索引    creating function based indexes   sql> create index em_quantity on em  (quantity quantity_shipped);      create a B tree index   sql> create [unique] index index_name on table_name(column asc/desc) tablespace   sql> tablespace_name [pctfree integer] [initrans integer] [maxtrans integer]   sql> [logging | nologging] [nosort] storage(initial k next k pctincrease   sql> maxextents );      pctfree(index)=(maximum number of rows initial number of rows)* /maximum number of rows      creating reverse key indexes   sql> create unique index xay_id on xay(a) reverse pctfree storage  (initial k sql> next k pctincrease maxextents ) tablespace indx;      create bitmap index   sql> create bitmap index xay_id on xay(a) pctfree storage( initial k next k   sql> pctincrease maxextents ) tablespace indx;      change storage parameter of index   sql> alter index xay_id storage (next k maxextents );      allocating index space   sql> alter index xay_id allocate extent  (size k datafile c:/oracle/index dbf );      alter index xay_id deallocate unused;      第五章 约束    define constraints as immediate or deferred   sql> alter session set constraint[s] = immediate/deferred/default;   set constraint[s] constraint_name/all immediate/deferred;      sql> drop table table_name cascade constraints   sql> drop tablespace tablespace_name including contents cascade constraints      define constraints while create a table   sql> create table xay(id number( ) constraint xay_id primary key deferrable   sql> using index storage(initial k next k) tablespace indx);   primary key/unique/references table(column)/check      enable constraints   sql> alter table xay enable novalidate constraint xay_id;      enable constraints   sql> alter table xay ena cha138/Article/program/Oracle/201311/17903

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