知识大全利用Delphi编写Socket通信程序

Posted 2022-07-14 通信

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笔者在工作中遇到对局域网中各工作站与服务器之间进行Socket通信的问题现在将本人总结出来的TServerSocket和TClientSocket两个组件的基本用法写出来希望与您分享　　ClientSocket组件为客户端组件它是通信的请求方也就是说它是主动地与服务器端建立连接　　ServerSocket组件为服务器端组件它是通信的响应方也就是说它的动作是监听以及被动接受客户端的连接请求并对请求进行回复　　ServerSocket组件可以同时接受一个或多个ClientSocket组件的连接请求并与每个ClientSocket组件建立单独的连接进行单独的通信因此一个服务器端可以为多个客户端服务 一设计思路 　　本例包括一个服务器端程序和一个客户端程序客户端程序可以放到多个计算机上运行同时与服务器端进行连接通信　　本例的重点一是演示客户端与服务器端如何通信二是当有多个客户端同时连接到服务器端时服务器端如何识别每个客户端并对请求给出相应的回复为了保证一个客户端断开连接时不影响其它客户端与服务器端的通信同时保证服务器端能够正确回复客户端的请求在本例中声明了一个记录类型 type client_record=record CHandle: integer; //客户端套接字句柄 CSocket:TCustomWinSocket; //客户端套接字 CName:string; //客户端计算机名称 CAddress:string; //客户端计算机IP地址 CUsed: boolean; //客户端联机标志 end; 　　利用这个记录类型数据保存客户端的信息同时保存当前客户端的连接状态其中 CHandle保存客户端套接字句柄以便准确定位每个与服务器端保持连接的客户端 Csocket保存客户端套接字通过它可以对客户端进行回复 Cused记录当前客户端是否与服务器端保持连接 二属性设置　　下面对组件ServerSocket和ClientSocket的属性设置简单说明１ ServerSocket的属性 · Port 是通信的端口必须设置在本例中设置为 · ServerTypt 服务器端读写信息类型设置为stNonBlocking表示异步读写信息本例中采用这种方式 · ThreadCacheSize 客户端的最大连接数就是服务器端最多允许多少客户端同时连接本例采用默认值　　其它属性采用默认设置即可２ ClientSocket的属性 · Port 是通信的端口必须与服务器端的设置相同在本例中设置为 · ClientType 客户端读写信息类型应该与服务器端的设置相同为stNonBlocking表示异步读写信息 · Host 客户端要连接的服务器的IP地址必须设置当然也可以在代码中动态设置　　其它属性采用默认设置即可 三程序源代码１服务器端源码（uServerMain pas） unit uServerMain; interface uses Windows Messages SysUtils Classes Graphics Controls Forms Dialogs ScktComp ToolWin ComCtrls ExtCtrls StdCtrls Buttons; const CMax= ; //客户端最大连接数 type client_record=record CHandle: integer; //客户端套接字句柄 CSocket:TCustomWinSocket; //客户端套接字 CName:string; //客户端计算机名称 CAddress:string; //客户端计算机IP地址 CUsed: boolean; //客户端联机标志 end; type TfrmServerMain = class(TForm) ServerSocket: TServerSocket; ControlBar : TControlBar; ToolBar : TToolBar; tbConnect: TToolButton; tbClose: TToolButton; tbDisconnected: TToolButton; Edit : TEdit; Memo : TMemo; StatusBar: TStatusBar; procedure tbConnectClick(Sender: TObject); procedure tbDisconnectedClick(Sender: TObject); procedure ServerSocketClientRead(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure ServerSocketListen(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure ServerSocketClientConnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure ServerSocketClientDisconnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure tbCloseClick(Sender: TObject); procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject); procedure FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction); procedure ServerSocketGetSocket(Sender: TObject; Socket: Integer; var ClientSocket: TServerClientWinSocket); procedure ServerSocketClientError(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket; ErrorEvent: TErrorEvent; var ErrorCode: Integer); private Private declarations public Public declarations session: array[ CMax] of client_record; //客户端连接数组 Sessions: integer; //客户端连接数 end; var frmServerMain: TfrmServerMain; implementation $R * DFM //打开套接字连接并使套接字进入监听状态 procedure TfrmServerMain tbConnectClick(Sender: TObject); begin ServerSocket Open ; end; //关闭套接字连接不再监听客户端的请求 procedure TfrmServerMain tbDisconnectedClick(Sender: TObject); begin ServerSocket Close; StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 服务器套接字连接已经关闭无法接受客户端的连接请求 ; end; //从客户端读取信息 procedure TfrmServerMain ServerSocketClientRead(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); var i:integer; begin //将从客户端读取的信息添加到Memo 中 Memo Lines Add(Socket ReceiveText); for i:= to sessions do begin //取得匹配的客户端 if session[i] CHandle = Socket SocketHandle then begin session[i] CSocket SendText( 回复客户端 +session[i] CAddress+ ==> +Edit Text); end; end; end; //服务器端套接字进入监听状态以便监听客户端的连接 procedure TfrmServerMain ServerSocketListen(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); begin StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 等待客户端连接 ; end; //当客户端连接到服务器端以后 procedure TfrmServerMain ServerSocketClientConnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); var i j:integer; begin j:= ; for i:= to sessions do begin //在原有的客户端连接数组中有中断的客户端连接 if not session[i] CUsed then begin session[i] CHandle := Socket SocketHandle ;//客户端套接字句柄 session[i] CSocket := Socket; //客户端套接字 session[i] CName := Socket RemoteHost ; //客户端计算机名称 session[i] CAddress := Socket RemoteAddress ;//客户端计算机IP session[i] CUsed := True; //连接数组当前位置已经占用 Break; end; j:=i; end; if j=sessions then begin inc(sessions); session[j] CHandle := Socket SocketHandle ; session[j] CSocket := Socket; session[j] CName := Socket RemoteHost ; session[j] CAddress := Socket RemoteAddress ; session[j] CUsed := True; end; StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 客户端 +Socket RemoteHost + 已经连接 ; end; //当客户端断开连接时 procedure TfrmServerMain ServerSocketClientDisconnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); var i:integer; begin for i:= to sessions do begin if session[i] CHandle =Socket SocketHandle then begin session[i] CHandle := ; session[i] CUsed := False; Break; end; end; StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 客户端 +Socket RemoteHost + 已经断开 ; end; //关闭窗口 procedure TfrmServerMain tbCloseClick(Sender: TObject); begin Close; end; procedure TfrmServerMain FormCreate(Sender: TObject); begin sessions := ; end; procedure TfrmServerMain FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction); begin ServerSocket Close ; end; //当客户端正在与服务器端连接时 procedure TfrmServerMain ServerSocketGetSocket(Sender: TObject; Socket: Integer; var ClientSocket: TServerClientWinSocket); begin StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 客户端正在连接 ; end; //客户端发生错误 procedure TfrmServerMain ServerSocketClientError(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket; ErrorEvent: TErrorEvent; var ErrorCode: Integer); begin StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 客户端 +Socket RemoteHost + 发生错误！ ; ErrorCode := ; end; end ２客户端源码(uClientMain pas) unit uClientMain; interface uses Windows Messages SysUtils Classes Graphics Controls Forms Dialogs ScktComp ComCtrls ToolWin ExtCtrls StdCtrls Buttons; const SocketHost = ; //服务器端地址 type TfrmClientMain = class(TForm) ControlBar : TControlBar; ToolBar : TToolBar; tbConnected: TToolButton; tbSend: TToolButton; tbClose: TToolButton; tbDisconnected: TToolButton; ClientSocket: TClientSocket; Edit : TEdit; Memo : TMemo; StatusBar: TStatusBar; btnSend: TBitBtn; procedure tbConnectedClick(Sender: TObject); procedure tbDisconnectedClick(Sender: TObject); procedure ClientSocketRead(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure tbSendClick(Sender: TObject); procedure tbCloseClick(Sender: TObject); procedure FormShow(Sender: TObject); procedure ClientSocketConnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure ClientSocketConnecting(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure ClientSocketDisconnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); procedure FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction); procedure ClientSocketError(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket; ErrorEvent: TErrorEvent; var ErrorCode: Integer); private Private declarations public Public declarations end; var frmClientMain: TfrmClientMain; implementation $R * DFM //打开套接字连接 procedure TfrmClientMain tbConnectedClick(Sender: TObject); begin ClientSocket Open ; end; //关闭套接字连接 procedure TfrmClientMain tbDisconnectedClick(Sender: TObject); begin ClientSocket Close; end; //接受服务器端的回复 procedure TfrmClientMain ClientSocketRead(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); begin Memo Lines Add(Socket ReceiveText); end; //发送信息到服务器端 procedure TfrmClientMain tbSendClick(Sender: TObject); begin ClientSocket Socket SendText(Edit Text); end; procedure TfrmClientMain tbCloseClick(Sender: TObject); begin Close; end; //设置要连接的服务器端地址 procedure TfrmClientMain FormShow(Sender: TObject); begin ClientSocket Host := SocketHost; end; //已经连接到服务器端 procedure TfrmClientMain ClientSocketConnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); begin tbSend Enabled := True; tbDisconnected Enabled :=True; btnSend Enabled := True; StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 已经连接到 + Socket RemoteHost ; end; //正在连接到服务器端 procedure TfrmClientMain ClientSocketConnecting(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); begin StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 正在连接到服务器 ; end; //当断开与服务器端的连接时发生 procedure TfrmClientMain ClientSocketDisconnect(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket); begin tbSend Enabled := False; btnSend Enabled := False; tbDisconnected Enabled := False; StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 已经断开与 + Socket RemoteHost + 的连接 ; end; procedure TfrmClientMain FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction); begin ClientSocket Close ; end; //当与服务器端的连接发生错误时 procedure TfrmClientMain ClientSocketError(Sender: TObject; Socket: TCustomWinSocket; ErrorEvent: TErrorEvent; var ErrorCode: Integer); begin StatusBar Panels[ ] Text := 与服务器端的连接发生错误 ; ErrorCode := ; end; end 四小结 　　上述方法是比较简单的实现方法同时也是相对较容易理解的方法通过这个方法笔者成功实现了局域网内多个客户端与服务器端进行Socket通信的功能同时可以保证一个客户端的连接通信或是断开都不影响其它客户端的正常通信 五附录　　服务器端窗体和客户端窗体及组件的属性设置队应的DFM文件 uServerMain pas对应的DFM文件(uServerMain dfm) object frmServerMain: TfrmServerMain Left = Top = BorderIcons = [biSystemMenu biMinimize] BorderStyle = bsSingle Caption = ServerSocket ClientHeight = ClientWidth = Color = clBtnFace Font Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET Font Color = clWindowText Font Height = Font Name = MS Sans Serif Font Style = [] OldCreateOrder = False OnClose = FormClose OnCreate = FormCreate PixelsPerInch = TextHeight = object ControlBar : TControlBar Left = Top = Width = Height = Align = alTop AutoSize = True TabOrder = object ToolBar : TToolBar Left = Top = Width = Height = ButtonHeight = ButtonWidth = Caption = ToolBar EdgeInner = esNone EdgeOuter = esNone Flat = True ShowCaptions = True TabOrder = object tbConnect: TToolButton Left = Top = Caption = 连接 ImageIndex = OnClick = tbConnectClick end object tbDisconnected: TToolButton Left = Top = Caption = 断开 ImageIndex = OnClick = tbDisconnectedClick end object tbClose: TToolButton Left = Top = Caption = 关闭 ImageIndex = OnClick = tbCloseClick end end end object Edit : TEdit Left = Top = Width = Height = TabOrder = Text = 你好！ end object Memo : TMemo Left = Top = Width = Height = Align = alTop TabOrder = end object StatusBar: TStatusBar Left = Top = Width = Height = Panels = < item Width = end> SimplePanel = False end object ServerSocket: TServerSocket Active = False Port = ServerType = stNonBlocking OnListen = ServerSocketListen OnGetSocket = ServerSocketGetSocket OnClientConnect = ServerSocketClientConnect OnClientDisconnect = ServerSocketClientDisconnect OnClientRead = ServerSocketClientRead OnClientError = ServerSocketClientError Left = end end uClientMain pas对应的DFM文件(uClientMain dfm) object frmClientMain: TfrmClientMain Left = Top = BorderIcons = [biSystemMenu biMinimize] BorderStyle = bsSingle Caption = ClientSocket ClientHeight = ClientWidth = Color = clBtnFace Font Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET Font Color = clWindowText Font Height = Font Name = MS Sans Serif Font Style = [] OldCreateOrder = False Position = poScreenCenter OnClose = FormClose OnShow = FormShow PixelsPerInch = TextHeight = object ControlBar : TControlBar Left = Top = Width = Height = Align = alTop AutoSize = True TabOrder = object ToolBar : TToolBar Left = Top = Width = Height = ButtonHeight = ButtonWidth = Caption = ToolBar EdgeInner = esNone EdgeOuter = esNone Flat = True ShowCaptions = True TabOrder = object tbConnected: TToolButton Left = Top = Caption = 连接 ImageIndex = OnClick = tbConnectedClick end object tbSend: TToolButton Left = Top = Caption = 发送 Enabled = False ImageIndex = OnClick = tbSendClick end object tbDisconnected: TToolButton Left = Top = Caption = 断开 Enabled = False ImageIndex = OnClick = tbDisconnectedClick end object tbClose: TToolButton Left = Top = Caption = 退出 ImageIndex = OnClick = tbCloseClick end end end object Edit : TEdit Left = Top = Width = Height = TabOrder = Text = 问候 end object Memo : TMemo Left = Top = Width = Height = Align = alTop TabOrder = end object StatusBar: TStatusBar Left = Top = Width = Height = Panels = < item Width = end> SimplePanel = False end object btnSend: TBitBtn Left = Top = Width = Height = Caption = 发送 Enabled = False TabOrder = OnClick = tbSendClick end object ClientSocket: TClientSocket Active = False ClientType = ctNonBlocking Port = OnConnecting = ClientSocketConnecting OnConnect = ClientSocketConnect OnDisconnect = ClientSocketDisconnect OnRead = ClientSocketRead OnError = ClientSocketError Left = end end cha138/Article/program/Delphi/201311/8511

知识大全 利用Delphi编写Socket通信程序

知识大全利用Delphi编写Socket通信程序